Vice Admiral James B. Stockdale was a true naval hero. A naval aviator who was shot down over North Vietnam, he spent 7 and 1/2 years in prison during which he was tortured 15 times, spent four years in solitary confinement and spent two years in leg irons. Despite these challenges, Stockdale became one of the military commanders of the prisoners of war (POW's), successfully establishing a chain of command, a means of communication and clearly defined goals that were instrumental to maintaining the sanity and moral courage of those under his command. During his captivity, Stockdale developed and refined his philosophy of living which was founded on the ancient philosophy of stoicism. In Stockdale's words, the goal of stoicism is not a good society but a good man. Stockdale spent the remainder of his life after his release teaching military officers "how to be good men". This was not done ou...
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